Pneumatic tire.



G. "I; FKXHTBR. PNEUMATIC TIRE. APPLICATION FILED NOV. 19, 1900.

Patented Feb. 16, 1909.

2 SHEETSSHEET 1 11v mm 1 OR Golye (m 11m Y A TTORNI; Y

G. J. PAYNTEE.

PNEUMATIU TIRE. APPLIU" 1210K TILED NOV. 19, 1906.

' Patented Feb. 16, 1909.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

INVENTOR e J1?@/zfe/ A T'TOAN WITNESK SES W] J r UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

No. 912,725. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Feb -lfl, 1909. Application fil ed November 19, 1906. Serial No. (011.

To all whom it may concern: or other suitable material but terminates in Be it known that I, GEORGE J. PAYN'IER a thickened lips 99 within the channel formed citizen of the United States, and a resident by the rim3 and its flanges 4-4:. Embedded of the city of Philadelphia, in the county of within said lips are pieces of rubber, cork or 60 Philadelphia. and State of Pennsylvania, (ither Suitable material 1O preferably have invented certain new and useful lmellul r in texture. The oppositely disposed provements in Pneumatic Tires, of which faces of the lips may or may not come to the following is a ,full, clear, and complete gether according to the degree to which'the disclosure. interior cushions are inflated. Within these 10 My invention relates to pneumatic tires faces, however, are embedded circumferenand more particularly t that, la ofath tially disposed channel. irons l1'i11. The same which are used on. heavy vehicles. inner and side faces of the lips are shaped The object of my invention is to provide to I'm t0 he Outer fa of th rim 3 a rim flanged outwardly at its sides ancLto n he inn r si e faces of the flanges 41 l which, is secured a sheath of novel co'nsti-ucpecti ely. ithin h h th ar C nfin d tion. a series of cushions 12, 13 and 1.4:, which 7 A further object of my invention is to ink together r n shape in cross close within h ath, i hi f section, within. which is an inner cushion l5 culiar construction and arranged relative to I which Will hereinafter h Called a tube for '7 20 each other in such a manner as to, expose the p p hf distinguishing it from the only 0ne,to puncture at the same time and Cushions around tube 15 and the protect the other cushions from puncture Cushions 13 n B distfinsiblfi n or other damage. may be of any desirable length ormay ex- For a full, clear and complete disclosure tend entirelv around the circumference of 25 f my i v ti reference may b h d t the tire; and further, the tube 15 may have the following description and accompanying its end ehdS Coincident with that Of 9 drawings, in which like reference characters m Of the Cushions the and of ny refer to corre di t cushion may be out of alinement with the In the drawings, Figure 1 i id l end of any other cushion or with the end of 30 tion' of a fragmentary port-ion of my tire apthe In g- 6 .thesfi Emmi-P11050113 are plied to the wheel rim of a vehicle. parts illustrated e tubal-5 aha the cuShiOIl 14: thereof being broken away; Fig. 2 a. transextend the full length 015 the tire and the verse section taken on line 22 of Fig. 1; f Q- the ends 1430f the Figs. 3 and 4 modifications shown in trans- {hlshlohs Shown in fihnelneht with fi 35 verse section of the rim and cushions; Fig. other: 'F 3 the ends of'the 5, a detail View of the valve mechanism, and t Sections and the ends 0f the h n 6 Fig. 6 i ti l i f a difi df tions are shown out of alinement with each of my invention. other. The cushions 12, 13 and 14 are par- Referring t Fj 1 d g h k f tially dlstended by internal pressure before 40 the wheel are indicated at l, which are atthe Sheath. is Placed around the The tached in the usual manner to the felly 2, to 1 inner tube Sections 15' are inflated to a which latter is secured in any well known sllfilcient'degl'ee to enable them to be inserted manner, the rim Shaving outwardly turned h m embraced by the "series of cushions flanges 4-4:, thus forming a channel of the. 2: '13 d 14 and e, Sheath is then closed 45 im i hi h y-b Secured h Sheath 5 6f around the outer cushions-until its lips meet the tire. To the thread of the sheath is s'el o wlthintbechmmel o h m- Eaeh cured the thickened portion 6, made of rubinner tube 15 15 then inflated through the berpr'Qther suitable materiel, which latter 16 m usual'mannerlof inflating has a series of rectangular projections 7 and by Vlrtue of its inflation 1986011198 50 rising therefrom at regular intervals con-' dlstendefi and presses on the inner waus V tinuously aro d th t d Th e Project the cushlons 12, 13 and 14;, thus-reducing the tio 7. n t s l bf h thickened volume of the latter and eventually making portion 6 and are ot a li h and? to their pressure equal (0 that of the pressure the axi of the ti e, 'i th i f t-liege in the tube 15, at which point the inflation 1.10 projections 7 are a series, of suction cups 8. -st pp thl'lS it in t h t th pr s:

he wall 5 or the sheath is made of canvas 1 sure may be equal throughout the cushion.

' the lips thereof toa suflicient extent as to secure them in frictional contact with the flanges'H of the rim. For this latter ur- Pose, consists of a cam 17 having integral therewith an inwardly extending rod 18, which latter passes throu h the rim and terminates in a gear 19,'whic in turn meshes with a worm 20, mounted upon a rod 21, the inner end of the said rod18, the ear 19'and the worm 20 all being inclose in a suitable casing or housing 20 in which the rod 21 is suitably j ournaled. A crank having a wrench therein may be connected with the'rod 21 to turn the said worm and car which in turn revolves the rod 18 and t e cam 17 until the broadest dimension of the latter has spread the circumferential angle irons 11-11 sulficiently apart to cause the lips 99 to be secured in frictional contact with the flanges H of the rim.

v some the tire become displac Referring to Fig. 3, I disclose a modifica- -tion of my invention wherein the flanges 4 are bent laterally at their free ends in order to form a surface on whichv the tire 5 may seat itself when supporting an extra heavy weight. In this modification I also show the tube 5 having wedge-like projections 6'--6f projecting up between the cushions 12', 13' .and 14'- In Fig. I, I have shown another modification in which the flanges of the rim'are curled laterally forming a channel having its sides slightly and inwardly inclined and flanges haying curved to surfaces on which the veh 'cle may run,

In this modification also, I combine the chambers 12, 13 and 14. shown in Fig. 1 into a sin le chamber 22. \Vhile the plurality of cushions arranged around the tube in Fig. 1 exposes only the intermediate cushion to puncture or like damage, thus enabling it to be replaced without destroying the entire series, yet the single cushion 22 in Fig. 4 is less complicated, having a fewer number of parts and under circumstances is more desirable. Otherwise, these modifications arethe same in structure as that shown in Fig. 1.

As heretofore stated the cushions 12, 1.3 and 14: and thosecorrespondin in the two modifications are in ated to a certain degree before they are placed within the sheath. This inflation takes place through back, pressure valves 18, one ofv which is shown in detail in Fig. 5, in which 23 re resents the wall of one of the cushions or ot er chamber which is to be inflated. In

this wall and flush with the outside surface thereof is the internally screw-threaded nipple 24, having its inner end 25 flanged over the inner surface of the wall. A disk 26, larger in diameter than the internal diameter of the nipple is movably confined within employ a spreading device w 'ch s ould to the same the guard piece 27 which-latter is attached to the inner surface of the wall. The inflation takes lace through the nipple 24, raising the dis 26, the air escaping through the perforated guard 27. hen the pressure inside of the chamber becomes greater than that outside, the disk 26 falls over the, inner end of the nipple 24 and'closes'the passe e of air therethrough by virtueof being held in close contact with the nipple byback pressure. \Vhen the IBfiRtlOII IS finlshed a plug 28 is inserted within the outer end of the nipple, the said plug being screwed inwardly to such an extent as to leave the surface of the wall flush.

By making the rim channel shape, I am enabled to fasten a'sheath, having lips thickened to conform to the channel rim, by spreading the same apartin contradistinctron to drawing or pressing the same togather as is common in the art. By providing the particles of cellular rubberor other like material within 'the thickened ortion of the lips, I am further enabled to pl iice'the same under great pressure without crushing the material of the sheath. Inso arranging the inner cushions and tubes that they may be only partially inflated when inserted into the sheath, I'am enabled to put the walls of the sheath .under great tension after the lips have been wedged in position. This cannot be done so effectively, should. the inner wall be fastened to the rim after complete inflationby any of the methods well'known in the art. By having the transverse section of the outer cushion substantially crescent shape,'I am enabled to more effectively exert pressure on this cushion by virtue of having a substantially maximumsurface to receive the pressure from the inner tube, that is, the inner wall of the crescent presents a'greater surface than a wall of other outline, such as for instance, a straight wall transversely the sheath. Further,inas1nuch as the inner tube is substantially "circular in transverse section and cxpapds radially in nearly'all directions the said expansion. is against a substantially constant resistance..

It has hitherto been attempted to provide the tread of a .tire with depressions which 'act as suction cups, to'cause. the tire 'to ad-' here to the surface over which it is traveling, but-so far as I am aware, in all those instances'the suction on s have been placed away smooth. and in a short time all the advantages rertilting from the use of the suc-" tion cups have been lost. The same result would be produced if the the were provided with the ordinary raised portions or projec 'not rapidly worn away by the friction with combines with it all the 2 5 surface or sustaining the Weight of the the weight sustaining function :of my tions extending substantially radially from the tire, with the projections merely provided with suction cups. In such constructions, the projection would be so weakened by the cups with which it is provided that the projection would be crushed down substantially even with the normal surface of the tire at the point of the engagement of the tirewith the surface upon whichthe wheel of the vehicle is running. lVly invention overcomes the objections aboveset forth, by providin the sheath of the tire with ample vehicle, without being unduly compressed, there being just enough compression to the sheath to force some of the air out of the suction cups, and to cause them to adhere to the surface over which the wheel is moving. This construction produces a tire which is the road, and which advantages of the suction the tire to adhere.

From the above, it will be seen that I have constructed a tire which is provided with a trend forming a substantially corrugated surface in which both the raised and depressed portions form the tread on soft or sandy or rough roads, but in which the tops of the raised slightly elastic portions form surface when the'vehic le is traveling over a smooth road, such as asphalt road. In the latter instance, the cups form suction cups which cause the tire to'strongly adhere to a smooth surface, thus obt'aining a greater tractive force and preventing skidding. a

course, it is obvious that a configuracups for causing 'tioii of either tube or the cushions may be of other transverse sectional outline than that illustrated and described, provided that the invention is still maintained as set forth in the appended claims.

- fabric by the numeral 30.

.prefer to thicken the I have found that the tendency of the rims is to cut or weaken the outer walls of the cushion ad'acent the said rim and at the extremities o thecrescent. I therefore extremities of the crescent and to embed' within the thickened walls strips of reinforcing material, such as fabric. In Figs. 2, 8, and 4 I have illustrated this feature, the thickened ends being designated by the numeral 29 and the By this construction the parts of the cushion adjacent the ring will Wear aslong or longer than the other wallsof the cushion.

Having now described my invenion what I desire to secure and to protect by Letters Patent of the United States is:

'1. A tire having its'tread series of slightly elastic projections extendprovided with a to support the weight of the vehicle without crushing, and being provided with depressions spaced apart fronieach otherto form suction cups.

The combination with a. rim having outwardly projecting side flanges of a pneumatic tire comprising a sheath inclo'sing'a cushion crescent shape in cross section, an inner tube embraced by said cushion the requisite pressure in the latter being main tained by the inflation of the inner tube, the outer walls of said cushion being'thickened near the extremities; of the crescent and reinforcing pieces embedded within said thickened walls. I

'3. The combination with a rim having outwardly projecting side flanges, of a pneumatic tire comprising a sheath, having its edges terminating on its inner side in a pair of lips, circumferential channel pieces embedded in the oppositely disposed surfaces of said lips, thersaid sheath inclosing a cushion distended by internal pressure and an inflated tube embraced by said cushion, the said lips being forced outwardlyagainst the flanges of the rim to secure the same in fric tional contact therewith.

4. A combination with a rim having projecting side flanges, of a pneumatic tire comprising a sheath having its edges terminating on its inner side'in a pair of, thickened lips, circumferential channel pieces embedded in the oppositely disposed surfaces of said lips, the said sheath inclosing pneumatic cushions and means for forcing said lips apart to secure the sheath in frictional contact with the side flanges. I

5. The combination with a rim having projecting side, flanges, of a pneumatic tire comprising a sheath having its edges termi nating on its inner side in a pair of thickened lips, circumferential channel pieces embedded in the oppositely disposed surfaces of the lips and meansfor spreading said channel pieces to secure the lips in frictional contact with the side flanges of the rim. v

6. The combination with a rim having projecting side flanges, comprising a sheath having its edges terini natin-g on its inner side in a pair of thickened lips, circumferential chann'el pieces embedded in the oppositely disposed surfaces of 'thc lips and means consisting of a series of cam surfaces for spreading said channel irons to secure the lips in frictional contact with the flanges of the rim.

7 The combination 'with a rim having outwardly projecting side flanges, of a pneumatic tire comprising a' sheath-having its edges terminating on its inner side in a pair of thickened lips, circumferential channel pieces embedded in the dppositely disposed of a pneumatic tire] comprising a sheath having its edges termi' nating on its inner side in! a pair of thickened lips, circumferential channel pieces embedded in the oppositely disposed surfaces of the lips and means comprising a series of earns, a rod passinv a in comedian in Eetters Patent N6. 912% pair pair of thickcned lips, nel pieces embedded through the rim rigid with each cam and mechanism for rotating said rod to spread said channel pieces to secure the lips frictional contact with the flanges of the 9. Th combination with a rim having outwardly. projecting side flanges, o a. pneumatic tire comprising a sheath having its edges terminating on its inner side in a of thickened lips, circumferential channel pieces emb dded in the oppositely disposed surfaces of the lips and means consisting of a series of cams and a rod passing through the rim integral with each. (mm, the said rod being mountedto rotate by means of a worm and gear connection at; its inner end, to'secure the lips in frictional contact with the flanges of the rim.

10. The combination with a.rim having outwardly projecting side flanges, of apneumatic tlre comprising a sheath haying lts edges terminat ng on its inner sldein a circumferential chanin the oppositely disposed surfaces of the, lips, means to secure said lips in frictional contact with said flanges, said means coinprisinga series of cams, rod passing through the rim, ll'lte grill with each can], each rod being mounted to rotate by means of a \VOlll] and gear con ncction on theinner end of the same, and a basing for inclosing said worm and gear connection. V v

11. A resilient tire having its tread pro vided with slightly elastic projections ar rangcdin a series extending the length of 'said tread, saidprojections being'provided with depressions to form suction cups, surface of said projections between said depressions being extensive and supporting the weight-of the Vehicle without crushing.

" It is hereby certified thatin Letters Patent upon the application of George J Paynter,

the l 12. Asheath for a tire having a series of substantially rectangular projections rising from the tread thereof, each projection hav- .1n g' a transverse series of cup-shaped recesses in its face.

3. A sheath' for a tire having a series of "e'rse and substantial rectangular pro ns 1*: leg from the tread thereof, the

said projections extending obliquely to the axis of the tire and being provided with suction depressions in the surface thereof.

' 14. The combination .With a rim having side flanges, of a pneuniatic tire, comprising a sheath having it's edges on-its inner side, the said edges terminating in thickened, lips, channel ieces embedded in the oppositely dispose surface of said ,lips, the said lips being shaped to conform to said flanged rim and means located between the oppositely disposed stir-faces of said.lips for" spreadind the same to engage the flanges in fI'lCtlOIlaT contact.

15. The combination with a rim having side flanges, of a pneumatic tire comprising a sheath having its edges terminating on its, inner side in a-pair of thickened lips, channel pieces embedded in the oppositely disposed surfaces of said lips, the said lips be ing of s. =configuration to conform to the flanges of the run andmeans located be tweenthe oppositely disposedsurfaces of the lips to spread same into frictional contact. with thesaid flanges. and particles of rubber embedded in said lips adjacent to the edges of the flanges. 1 16. The combination with a rim having side flanges, of a pneumatic tire comprising a sheath having its edges terminating. (mits inner side in a pair of. thickened lips, "the"- 7 said lips being of a configuration tofccn form to the flanges of the rim and means located between the oppositely disposed surfaces of the-'li'psto spread same into trictional contact With-the said flanges and particles of cellular rubber embedded in said lips adjacent to the edges of the flanges.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 16th day of November,

GEORGE J. PAYNTER.

Vitnesses: WALTER A. l lonncn ALEXANDER PARK.

at. 912,725, granted February 16, 1909, of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, for an improvement in Pneumatic Tires," an error appears in the the printed specification requiring correction, as follows: In line 46,

[siun] page 1, the word tl/iread should read tread; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same-may confor'm therecbrd of the case in the Patent Ofiice.

Signed and sealed this 23d day of Mai-1e11, A. 1)., 190a.

c. c. BILLINGS,

Acting Commissioner of Pciszzie.

comprising a sheath having its edges termi' nating on its inner side in! a pair of thickened lips, circumferential channel pieces embedded in the oppositely disposed surfaces of the lips and means comprising a series of earns, a rod passinv a in correction in Eetters Patent N6. 912% pair pair of thickcned lips, nel pieces embedded through the rim rigid with each cam and mechanism for rotating said rod to spread said channel pieces to secure the lips frictional contact with the flanges of the 9. Th combination with a rim having outwardly. projecting side flanges, o a. pneumatic tire comprising a sheath having its edges terminating on its inner side in a of thickened lips, circumferential channel pieces emb dded in the oppositely disposed surfaces of the lips and means consisting of a series of cams and a rod passing through the rim integral with each. (mm, the said rod being mountedto rotate by means of a worm and gear connection at its inner end, to'secure the lips in frictional contact with the flanges of the rim.

10. The combination with a.rim having outwardly projecting side flanges, of npnenmatic tlre comprising a sheath haying Its edges terminat ng on its inner sldein a circumferential chanin the oppositely disposed surfaces of the, lips, means to secure said lips in frictional contact with said flanges, said means coinprisinga series of cams, rod passing through the rim, inte grill with each can], each rod being mounted to rotate by means of a \VOlll] and gear con-' nection on theinner end of the same, and a basing for inclosing said worm and gear connection. V v

11. A resilient. tire having its tread pro vided with slightly elastic projections ar rangcdin a series extending the length of 'said tread, saidprojections being'provided with depressions to form suction cups, surface of said projections between said depressions being extensive and supporting the weight-of the Vehicle without crushing.

" It is hereby certified thatin Letters Patent upon the application of George J Paynter,

the l 12. Asheath for a tire having a series of substantially rectangular projections rising from the tread thereof, each projection hav- .1n g' a transverse series of cup-shaped recesses in its face.

3. A sheath' for a tire having a series of "e'rse and substantial rectangular pro ns 1*: leg from the tread thereof, the

said projections extending obliquely to the axis of the tire and being provided with suction depressions in the surface thereof.

' 14. The combination .With a rim having side flanges, of a pneuniatic tire, comprising a sheath having it's edges on-its inner side, the said edges terminating in thickened, lips, channel ieces embedded in the oppositely dispose surface of said ,lips, the said lips being shaped to conform to said flanged rim and means located between the oppositely disposed stir-faces of said.lips for" spreadino the same to engage the flanges in fI'lCtlOIlaT contact.

15. The combination with a rim having side flanges, of a pneumatic tire comprising a sheath having its edges terminating on its, inner side in a-pair of thickened lips, channel pieces embedded in the oppositely disposed surfaces of said lips, the said lips be ing of a =configuration to conform to the flanges of the run andmeans located be tweenthe oppositely disposedsurfaces of the lips to spread same into frictional contact. with thesaid flanges. and particles of rubber embedded in said lips adjacent to the edges of the flanges. 1 16. The combination with a rim having side flanges, of a pneumatic tire comprising a sheath having its edges terminating. (mits inner side in a pair of. thickened lips, "the"- 7 said lips being of a configuration toy-con form to the flanges of the rim and means located between the oppositely disposed surfaces of the-'li'psto spread same into trictional contact With-the said flanges and particles of cellular rubber embedded in said lips adjacent to the edges of the flanges.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 16th day of November,

GEORGE J. PAYNTER.

Vitnesses: WMIPER A. l lonncn ALEXANDER PARK.

at. 912,725, granted February 16, 1909, of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, for an improvement in Pneumatic Tires," an error appears in the the printed specification requiring correction, as follows: In line 46,

[admin] page 1, the word tl/iread should read tread; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same-may confor'm therecbrd of the case in the Patent Ofiice.

Signed and sealed this 23d day of March, A. 1)., 190a.

c. 0. Business,

Acting Commissioner of Pciszzie.

It is hereby certified thatin Letters Pabenn No. 912,725, granted February 16, 1909, upon the application of George J. Painter, of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, for an improvement in Pneumatie Tires, an error appears in the the printed specification requiring correction, as follows: In line 46, page 1, the word thread should read tread; and that the said Letters Patent. should be read with this correction therein that the eslme may conform to the reebrd of the case in the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this 23d day of March, A. 1)., 1909 [sun] 0. C. BILLINGS,

A ding Comm iesiener cf Paienfs.

corectien in Letters Patent No. 9121725 

